Paragraf Deduktif
(Sumber: Ms. Indri, Bahasa Indonesia Teach for class XI IPS semester 1 dan Semester 2)
Silogisme I
A. Premis Mayor : PM/ Pernyataan Umum = PK
B. Premis Minor : PM/ Pernyataan Khusus = PK
C. Simpulan : S/ Kesimpulan =K
Contoh Pertama:
PM : PU = Semua manusia berakal budi
A B
PM: PK = Evan adalah manusia
C A
S: K = Evan berakal budi
C B
Entimem adalah bentuk silogisme yang diperpendek. Contoh Evan berakal budi karena Ia adalah manusia. Rumus Entimem yakni: E=C=B karena C=A
Rumus :
PM=PU= A=B
PM=PK= C=A
S= K= C= B
Contoh Kedua:
PU = Seluruh makhluk memerlukan oksigen
PK = Teratai adalah makhluk hidup
K = Teratai memerlukan oksigen
Entimemnya: Teratai memerlukan oksigen karena ia adalah makhluk hidup.
(My Score : 100, at November, 3rd 2012)
SILOGISME II
1) Hipotesis
Contohnya Pertama:
Pernyataan Umum (PU): Jika tidak turun panen akan gagal
Pernyataan Khusus (PK): Hujan turun
Kesimpulan (K) : Panen tidak gagal
ATAU
Pernyataan Umum (PU): Jika tidak turun panen akan gagal
Pernyataan Khusus (PK) : Hujan tidak turun
Kesimpulan (K) : Panen Akan gagal
2) Alternatif
Contohnya Pertama:
Pernyataan Umum (PU): Ayah ada di kantor atau di rumah.
Pernyataan Khusus (PK) : Ayah ada di kantor
Kesimpulan (K) : Ayah tidak ada di rumah.
ATAU
Pernyataan Umum (PU) : Ayah ada di kantor atau di rumah
Pernyataan Khusus (PK) : Ayah tidak ada di kantor
Kesimpulan (K) : Ayah ada di rumah
Contoh Kedua:
1) Hipotesis
Pernyataan Umum (PU) : Jika sungai tidak meluap jembatan akan kokoh
Pernyataan Khusus (PK) : Jika sungai tidak meluap
Kesimpulan (K) : Jembatan akan kokoh
ATAU
Pernyataan Umum (PU) : Jika sungai tidak meluap jembatan akan kokoh
Pernyataan Khusus (PK) : Jika sungai meluap
Kesimpulan (K) : Jembatan tidak akan kokoh
2) Alternatif
Pernyataan Umum (PU) : Kakak membeli Koran atau majalah
Pernyataan Khusus : Kakak membeli Koran
Kesimpulan : Kakak tidak membeli koran
ATAU
Pernyataan Umum (PU) : Kakak membeli Koran atau majalah
Pernyataan Khusus (PK) : Kakak membeli majalah
Kesimpulan (K) : Kakak tidak membeli Koran
Contoh Ketiga:
1. Hipotetis
Pernyataan Umum (PU) : Jika korupsi tidak diberantas rakyat akan sengsara
Pernyatan Khusus (PK) : Korupsi diberantas
Kesimpulan (K) :rakyat tidak sengsara
ATAU
Pernyataan Umum (PU) : Jika korupsi tidak diberantas rakyat akan sengsara
Pernyataan Khusus (PK) : Korupsi tidak diberantas
Kesimpulan (K) : rakyat akan sengsara
2. Alternatif
Pernyataan Umum (PU) : Presiden pergi ke Malaysia atau Singapura
Pernyataan Khusus (PK) : Presiden pergi ke Malaysia
Kesimpulan (K) : Presiden tidak pergi ke Singapura
ATAU
Pernyataan Umum (PU) : Presiden pergi ke Malaysia atau Singapura
Pernyataan Khusus (PK) : Presiden pergi ke Singapura
Kesimpulan (K) : Presiden tidak pergi ke Malaysia
(Score :100, at January, 28th2012)
IN ENGLISH (with google translate Indonesian-English)
Deductive paragraph
(Source: Ms. Indri, Indonesian language class XI IPS Teach for semester 1 and Semester 2)
Syllogism IA. Major premise: PM / PK = Public Statement
B. Minor premise: AM / Special Statement = PK
C. Conclusion: S / Conclusion = K
First example:
PM: PU = Everyone understands
A B
PM: PK = Evan is the man
C A
S: K = Evan understands
C B
Entimem is a shortened form of the syllogism.
Examples Evan understands because he is human.
Entimem the formula: E = C = B because C = A
The formula:PM = PU = A = BPM = PK = C = AS = K = C = B
Second example:
PU = All creatures need oxygen
PK = Lotus is a living thing
K = Lotus require oxygen
Entimemnya: Lotus require oxygen because he was living.
(My Score: 100, at November, 3rd 2012)
Syllogism II
1) Hypothesis
First example:
General Statement (PU): If you do not fall harvest will fail
Special Statement (PK): The rain fell
Conclusion (K): Harvest does not fail
OR
General Statement (PU): If you do not fall harvest will failSpecial Statement (PK): The rain does not fall
Conclusion (K): Harvest will fail
2) Alternative
First example:General Statement (PU): My father was in the office or at home.
Special Statement (PK): My father was in the office
Conclusion (K): My father was not home.
OR
General Statement (PU): My father was in the office or at homeSpecial Statement (PK): My father was not in the office
Conclusion (K): My father was in the house
Second example:
1) Hypothesis
General Statement (PU): If the river does not overflow the bridge will be strong
Special Statement (PK): If the river does not overflow
Conclusion (K): The bridge is solid
OR
General Statement (PU): If the river does not overflow the bridge will be strongSpecial Statement (PK): If the river overflows
Conclusion (K): The bridge will not be sturdy
2) Alternative
General Statement (PU): Brother buy newspapers or magazines
Special Statement: Brother buy newspapersConclusion: Big Brother does not buy the newspaper
OR
General Statement (PU): Brother buy newspapers or magazinesSpecial Statement (PK): Brother buy magazines
Conclusion (K): Big Brother does not buy the newspaper
Third example:
A. Hypothetical
General Statement (PU): If corruption is not eradicated the people will suffer
Special statement (PK): Corruption eradication
Conclusion (K): the people do not suffer
OR
General Statement (PU): If corruption is not eradicated the people will sufferSpecial Statement (PK): Corruption is not eradicated
Conclusion (K): the people will suffer
2. Alternative
General Statement (PU): The President went to Malaysia or Singapore
Special Statement (PK): The President went to Malaysia
Conclusion (K): President did not go to Singapore
OR
General Statement (PU): The President went to Malaysia or SingaporeSpecial Statement (PK): The President went to Singapore
Conclusion (K): President did not go to Malaysia
(Score: 100, at January, 28th 2012)
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