ISLAMIC EDUCATION PARADIGM
INTRODUCTION
To understand Islamic education can not be done simply by looking at a piece of what is found in the reality of Islamic education , but should be seen from the value system on which the paradigm . Hasan stated Langgulung very wrong when reviewing only Islamic education from educational institutions that emerged in the history of Islam , from the curriculum , let alone of teaching methods , and release . Islamic ideology issues , ideology or paradigm of Islamic education is a complete picture of the deity , the universe , and of all the people associated with the Islamic educational theory that everything is a unified whole and complete . Thus required an effort to reaffirm the necessary paradigm for developing Islamic education . In the implementation of education as a reciprocal process between educators engage students with educational factors in order to achieve the educational objectives based on certain values . Certain values that is then referred to as the basic paradigm of education . The term basic education paradigm is intended as a foundation footing or foundation establishment of an educational system .
To understand Islamic education can not be done simply by looking at a piece of what is found in the reality of Islamic education , but should be seen from the value system on which the paradigm . Hasan stated Langgulung very wrong when reviewing only Islamic education from educational institutions that emerged in the history of Islam , from the curriculum , let alone of teaching methods , and release . Islamic ideology issues , ideology or paradigm of Islamic education is a complete picture of the deity , the universe , and of all the people associated with the Islamic educational theory that everything is a unified whole and complete . Thus required an effort to reaffirm the necessary paradigm for developing Islamic education . In the implementation of education as a reciprocal process between educators engage students with educational factors in order to achieve the educational objectives based on certain values . Certain values that is then referred to as the basic paradigm of education . The term basic education paradigm is intended as a foundation footing or foundation establishment of an educational system .
PARADIGM OF ISLAMIC EDUCATION
Basic paradigm is identical to the basic Islamic education of Islam itself . Both come from the same source , namely Al - Quran and al - Hadith . From both sources is then emerged a number of ideas about Muslim issues covering various aspects , including the issue of Islamic education . Basic education as Islam Al - Quran and Al - Hadith is a reference to find , create and develop paradigms , concepts , principles , theories , and techniques of Islamic education . Tafseer Ahmad stated that education in Islam is a series of human empowerment process towards maturity , both intellectually , mentally and morally , to carry out the functions carried humanity as a servant of God and as a vicegerent on earth . Because the function of education is to prepare students with the skills and expertise required in order to have the ability and readiness to plunge into the community .
EARLY ISLAMIC EDUCATIONAL PROGRESS
In the history of Islamic civilization trajectory educational role is really able to form a civilization that Islamic civilization was once the leading civilization civilization color throughout the Arabian Peninsula to Eastern Europe . For the existence of an educational paradigm that empowers learners is a necessity . Progress of the Islamic civilization and culture can not be separated from the system and conducted educational paradigm at that time . Awareness of the importance of science and education among Muslims does not appear suddenly , spontaneously or suddenly . This awareness emerged from a long process that began in the early days of Islam ( Muhammad Rasul period . ) At that time Muhammad always instill awareness on the urgency of his companions and science and always encourage Muslims to seek knowledge constantly . This is evidenced by the many traditions that explain the urgency and primacy of science and people who have knowledge . After Muhammad died , his companions and the Muslims in general to continue this mission by instilling awareness of the importance of knowledge to succeeding generations , so that this awareness became flesh among Muslims and reached its peak in the eleventh century until the beginning of the XIII century AD Forerunner of Islamic education began when Umar bin Khatab send officers specifically to different areas of Islam to be a resource person for the Muslim community in the region . They usually live in the mosque and taught about Islam to Muslims through khalaqoh - khalaqoh special majlis to study religion and reviewing discipline and other matters in accordance with what the community needed .
Istitusi modern Islamic education emerged in the late tenth century With the establishment of the college ( university ) Al - Azhar in Cairo . In addition to libraries and laboratories equipped by also teaching curriculum already in place that contains the disciplines to be taught to students . The curriculum is the curriculum taught impartial . Makdunya than religious sciences are also taught sciences sepertilogika sense , medicine , geography , mathematics and so on . Istitusi ideal Islamic education at that time the other is Nizamiyah madrasah . This college has been using the school system . Meaning specified time student enrollment , increase test , the final exam schools , fund management itself , complete facilities , selective recruitment of teaching staff , and the provision of scholarships for outstanding students . In addition to the educational institution that has a high capability , in the heyday of Islam , science activities really get serious attention from the government . So that academic freedom can actually be implemented , freedom of speech is really appreciated , academics are always encouraged to continually develop knowledge through discussion forums , the library is always open to the public , even the palace library was open to the public .
Istitusi modern Islamic education emerged in the late tenth century With the establishment of the college ( university ) Al - Azhar in Cairo . In addition to libraries and laboratories equipped by also teaching curriculum already in place that contains the disciplines to be taught to students . The curriculum is the curriculum taught impartial . Makdunya than religious sciences are also taught sciences sepertilogika sense , medicine , geography , mathematics and so on . Istitusi ideal Islamic education at that time the other is Nizamiyah madrasah . This college has been using the school system . Meaning specified time student enrollment , increase test , the final exam schools , fund management itself , complete facilities , selective recruitment of teaching staff , and the provision of scholarships for outstanding students . In addition to the educational institution that has a high capability , in the heyday of Islam , science activities really get serious attention from the government . So that academic freedom can actually be implemented , freedom of speech is really appreciated , academics are always encouraged to continually develop knowledge through discussion forums , the library is always open to the public , even the palace library was open to the public .
ISLAMIC EDUCATION eclipse period
But after the fall of Baghdad in 1258 AD , Islamic education has also experienced setbacks . Islamic education paradigm underwent a major change from a progressive paradigm based on the desire to establish the religion of Allah be paradigm than maintaining what already exists . The final goal of education in Islam is the process of self-formation to match students with the nature of existence . It is necessary to establish freedom of movement for each element in the world of education especially for learners to develop themselves and their potential to the fullest . In the glory of Islam , education has been able to perform its role as a forum for the empowerment of learners . But along with the decline of the Islamic world , the Islamic world also participated in educational setbacks .
CONCLUSION
Picture of the triumph of the Islamic education there are some things that can be used to re- awaken and put the world on the role of Islamic education as well as rearranging the proper Islamic education paradigm from passive to active - defensive - intellectual progre always guided by :
( 1 ) First , put back all education under the frame work of religion . That is, all intellectual activity is always based on religious values , in which the ultimate goal of all activities is the effort to establish the religion of Allah swt bless and seek .
( 2 ) Second , the balance between religious disciplines and intellectual development in the education curriculum . One of the main factors of marginalization in education is a tendency to focus more on the development of science non - religious , even refusing studies of non - religious . Therefore , balancing between religious and non- religious material in the Islamic world is a necessity if you want to survive the world of Islamic education in the community again .
( 3 ) Third , it should be given the freedom to do the academic community for the fullest development of science . Because during the decline of Islam , created a lot of insulation and prohibited areas for debate and dissent that resulted in the narrow area of intellectual development . By eliminating , at least reopen the bulkhead and areas that had been off limits to the debate , then the region will increasingly broad intellectual development which would open up wider opportunities for the development of science education in the Islamic world in particular and the Muslim world at large .
( 4 ) Fourth , Begin tried to implement educational strategies are grounded . That is, the strategy is implemented and adapted to the environmental conditions in which the educational process is implemented . In addition to the materials provided are also adapted to existing circumstances , there is always at least the material can be applied and has relationships with existing factual reality . With this strategy are expected to be able Islamic educational resource really able to face the challenges of the times and sensitive to the environment .
( 5 ) Fifth, the existence of the attention and support of the leaders ( government ) the excavation process and the generation of the world 's Islamic education . Lack of attention and support from the government will speed up the recovery of an active Islamic education peradigma - progressive , which is expected with the Islamic education can be re able to function as a means of empowering people and maturation .
Picture of the triumph of the Islamic education there are some things that can be used to re- awaken and put the world on the role of Islamic education as well as rearranging the proper Islamic education paradigm from passive to active - defensive - intellectual progre always guided by :
( 1 ) First , put back all education under the frame work of religion . That is, all intellectual activity is always based on religious values , in which the ultimate goal of all activities is the effort to establish the religion of Allah swt bless and seek .
( 2 ) Second , the balance between religious disciplines and intellectual development in the education curriculum . One of the main factors of marginalization in education is a tendency to focus more on the development of science non - religious , even refusing studies of non - religious . Therefore , balancing between religious and non- religious material in the Islamic world is a necessity if you want to survive the world of Islamic education in the community again .
( 3 ) Third , it should be given the freedom to do the academic community for the fullest development of science . Because during the decline of Islam , created a lot of insulation and prohibited areas for debate and dissent that resulted in the narrow area of intellectual development . By eliminating , at least reopen the bulkhead and areas that had been off limits to the debate , then the region will increasingly broad intellectual development which would open up wider opportunities for the development of science education in the Islamic world in particular and the Muslim world at large .
( 4 ) Fourth , Begin tried to implement educational strategies are grounded . That is, the strategy is implemented and adapted to the environmental conditions in which the educational process is implemented . In addition to the materials provided are also adapted to existing circumstances , there is always at least the material can be applied and has relationships with existing factual reality . With this strategy are expected to be able Islamic educational resource really able to face the challenges of the times and sensitive to the environment .
( 5 ) Fifth, the existence of the attention and support of the leaders ( government ) the excavation process and the generation of the world 's Islamic education . Lack of attention and support from the government will speed up the recovery of an active Islamic education peradigma - progressive , which is expected with the Islamic education can be re able to function as a means of empowering people and maturation .
REFERENCES
Al - Maliki , M. Alawi , educational principles Prophet , Gema Insani , Jakarta : 2002
Anam , M. Khoirul , Track Islamic Education Paradigm ( An Effort Towards The Empowering Education ), 2003
Azra , Azyumardi , Islamic Education , Kalima , Jakarta : 2001
Jusuf Amir Feisal , Reorientation of Islamic Education , GIP , Jakarta 1995
Hasbullah , Basics of Education , King Grafindo Persada , Jakarta : 2006
Ramayulis , Asari Hasan , Fundamentals of Islamic Thought , Echo Media Pratama , Jakarta : 2001
Al - Maliki , M. Alawi , educational principles Prophet , Gema Insani , Jakarta : 2002
Anam , M. Khoirul , Track Islamic Education Paradigm ( An Effort Towards The Empowering Education ), 2003
Azra , Azyumardi , Islamic Education , Kalima , Jakarta : 2001
Jusuf Amir Feisal , Reorientation of Islamic Education , GIP , Jakarta 1995
Hasbullah , Basics of Education , King Grafindo Persada , Jakarta : 2006
Ramayulis , Asari Hasan , Fundamentals of Islamic Thought , Echo Media Pratama , Jakarta : 2001
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